The Indian Road rules, titled "Rules of the Road Regulation", were brought into effect since July, 1989. These rules are germane to the Indian drivers (all inclusive of two, three and four wheelers), while on the road to ensure an orderly traffic and a safer journey. Violation of these "Rules of Road Regulation" is a punishable transgression as per the city specific traffic police rules and the "Motor Vehicle Act".

Enforcement of these traffic laws - rules, regulations and acts can bear out the road accidents. These laws are enforced by issuing challans in the name of the offenders and teaching them a lesson by making them pay penalties. An indicative list of the possible offences and their respective penalties is formulated below:

1. OFFENCES RELATED TO DOCUMENTS
S.NO	OFFENCES	MAXIMUM PENALTY	SECTION
1.1	Driving without a Valid License	Rs. 500/- and /or imprisonment ( 3 months)	3 r/w 181 MVA
1.2	Allowing vehicle to be driven by a person who does not possess a Valid License.	Rs. 1000/- and/or imprisonment ( 3 months)	5 r/w 180 MVA
1.3	Not carrying documents as required.	Rs. 100/-	130(3) r/w 177 MVA
1.4	Driving without Valid Insurance.	Rs. 1000/- and/or imprisonment ( 3 months)	130 r/w 177 MVA
1.5	Driving without Valid Permit.	Rs. 5000/- ( not less than Rs. 2000/-)	130 r/w 177 MVA
1.6	Driving without Valid Fitness.	Rs. 5000/- ( not less than Rs. 2000/-)	130 r/w 177 MVA
1.7	Vehicle without R.C.	Rs 2000/-	39 r/w192 MVA

2. OFFENCES RELATED TO DRIVING
S.NO	OFFENCES	MAXIMUM PENALTY	SECTION
2.1.1	Driving by Minor .	Rs. 500/-	4 r/w 181 MVA
2.1.2	Allowing Unauthorized person to drive .	Rs. 1000/-	5 r/w 180 MVA
2.1.3	Driving without Helmet.	Rs. 100/-	129 r/w177 MVA
2.1.4	Seat Belts not fastened.	Rs. 100/-	138(3) CMVR 177 MVA
2.1.5	Rough/Rash/Negligent Driving .	Rs. 1000/-	184 MVA
2.1.6	Dangerous or hasty Driving.	Rs.1000/- and/or imprisonment ( 6 months)	112-183 MVA
2.1.7	Not Driving in Proper Lane.	Court Challan	66 r/w 192 MVA
2.1.8	Driving in the center and not to left side.	Rs.100/-	2 RRR r/w 177 MVA
2.1.9	Driving against One Way.	Rs.100/-	17 (i) RRR 177 MVA
2.1.10	Reversing without due care and attention.	Rs. 100/-	MMVR 233 177 MVA
2.1.11	Taking “U” turn during outlawed hours.	Rs.100/-	12 RRR 177 MVA
2.1.12	Failing to take precaution while taking a “Turn”.	Rs.100/-	3 RRR 177 MVA
2.1.13	Failing to decelerate at intersection.	Rs.100/-	8 RRR 177 MVA
2.1.14	Failing to carry on left of traffic island.	Rs.100/-	2 RRR 177 MVA
2.1.15	Carrying persons on Footboard.	Rs.100/-	123-177 MVA
2.1.16	Carrying persons causing hindrance to the driver.	Rs.100/-	125-177 MVA
2.1.17	Trippling.	Rs. 100/-	128/177 MVA
2.1.18	Driving on Footpath.	Rs.100/-	RRR 177 MVA
2.1.19	Stopping at pedestrian crossing or crossing a Stop Line.	Rs.100/-	RRR 177 MVA
2.2	Road Marking Related Offences
2.2.1	Violation of Yellow Line.	Rs. 100/-	119/177 MVA
2.2.2	Violation of Stop Line.	Rs. 100/-	113(1)/177 DMVR
2.2.3	Violation of Mandatory Signs .	Rs. 100/-	119/177 MVA
2.3	Number Plate Related Offences
2.3.1	Use of Offensive Number Plate for vehicle used in driving.	Rs.100/-	CMVR 105 (2) (ii) 177 MVA
2.3.2	Displaying 'Applied For'.	Rs. 4500/-	39/192 MVA
2.4	Vehicle Light Related Offences
2.4.1	Improper use of headlights/tail light for vehicle used in driving.	Rs.100/-	CMVR 105 (2) (ii) 177 MVA
2.4.2	Using High Beam where not required.	Rs. 100/-	112(G) A DMVR 177 MVA
2.5	Horn Related Offences
2.5.1	Driving without Horn.	Rs. 100/-	119(1)/177 CMVR
2.5.2	Improper horn usage while driving.	Rs.100/-	CMVR 105 (2) (ii) 177 MVA
2.6	Traffic Police Related Offences
2.6.1	Disobeying Traffic Police Officer in uniform.	Rs. 100/-	119 MVA 22(a) RRR 177 MVA
2.6.2	Driving against Police Signal.	Rs. 100/-	119 r/w 177 MVA
2.6.3	Disobeying manual Traffic Signal.	Rs. 100/-	239 MMVR 22(a) RRR 177 MVA
2.7	Traffic Signal Related Offences
2.7.1	Disobeying Traffic signal / Sign Board.	Rs. 100/-	22(b) RRR 239 MMVR 177 MVA
2.7.2	Failing to give Signal.	Rs. 100/-	121 RRR 177 MVA
2.7.3	Jumping Signal.	Rs.100/-	119/177 MVA
2.8	Speed and Overtake Related Offences
2.8.1	Exceeding the prescribed Speed Limits.	Up to Rs.1000/-	112-183 MVA
2.8.2	Abetment for Over Speeding .	Rs.300/-	112/183(2) MVA
2.8.3	Overtaking perilously.	Rs.100/-	6 (a) RRR r/w 177 MVA
2.8.4	Failing to confer way to sanction Overtaking.	Rs.100/-	7 RRR 177 MVA
2.8.5	Overtaking from Wrong Side .	Rs. 100/-	RRR 6/1/177 MVA
2.9	Other Offences
2.9.1	Disobeying Lawful Directions.	Rs. 500/-	132/179 MVA
2.9.2	Driving under influence of Alcohol / Drugs.	Rs.2000/- and/or imprisonment ( 6 months)	185 MVA
2.9.3	Using Mobile Phone while Driving.	Up to 1000/-	184 MVA
2.9.4	Leaving vehicle in unoccupied engine.	Rs.100/-	126-177 MVA
2.9.5	Leaving vehicle in unsafe position.	Rs.100/-	122 177 MVA
2.9.6	In case of a minor Accident.	Rs. 1000/-	184 MVA
2.9.7	Playing music while Driving.	Rs. 100/-	102/177 MVA
2.9.8	Driving without Silencer.	Rs. 100/-	120/190(2)/177CMVR
2.9.9	Driving when mentally or physically unfit.	Court Challan	186 MVA

3. OFFENCES RELATED TO TOWING OF VEHICLES
S.NO	OFFENCES	MAXIMUM PENALTY	SECTION
3.1	Two Wheeler.	Rs.100/-	RRR 177 MVA
3.2	Car , Jeep, Taxi, Auto Rickshaw.	Rs.200/-	RRR 177 MVA
3.3	Truck, Tanker, Trailor.	Rs.600/-	RRR 177 MVA

4. OFFENCES RELATED TO POLLUTION
S.NO	OFFENCES	MAXIMUM PENALTY	SECTION
4.1	Smoking in Public Transport.	Rs. 100/-	86(1)(5)/177 DMVR
4.2	Pollution Not Under Control.	Rs. 100/-	99(1)(a)/177 DMVR
4.3	Fixing multi-toned/shrill horn.	Rs.500/-	119 CMVR 190(2) MVA
4.4	Blowing Pressure Horn.	Rs. 100/-	96(1)/177 DMVR
4.5	Silencer/muffler making noise.	Rs.500/-	CMVR 120 190(2) MVA
4.6	Smoky Exhaust.	Rs.500/-	115 CMVR 190(2) MVA
4.7	Using horn in Silence Zone.	Rs.100/-	21(ii) RRR 177 MVA

5. OFFENCES RELATED TO MOTOR VEHICLES
S.NO	OFFENCES	MAXIMUM PENALTY	SECTION
5.1	Using Vehicle in Unsafe Conditions.	Court Challan	192 MVA
5.2	When motor vehicle is out of state for more than 12 months.	Rs.100/-	47-177 MVA
5.3	Particulars to be printed on transport vehicles.	Rs.100/-	84(G)-177 MVA
5.4	Without Wiper	Rs.100/-	CMVR 101 5,12 177 MVA
5.4	Without Side Mirror.	Rs.100/-	5, 7/177 MVA
5.5	Defective tyres.	Rs.100/-	CMVR 94
5.6	No indication board on left hand drive vehicle.	Rs.100/-	120, 177 MVA
5.7	Sale of motor vehicle/alteration of motor vehicle in contravention of Act.	Rs.300/-	52/191 MVA, 32/192.66/192 MV Act
5.8	Vehicles fitted with dark glasses/sun films.	Rs.100/-	100 CMVR 177 MVA
5.9	Driving without proper number plate/ illuminating rear number plate.	Rs.100/-	236 MMVR 177 MVA
5.10	Failing to display public carrier board.	Rs.100/-	116 MMVR 177 MVA
5.11	Using private vehicle for commercial purposes.	Rs. 5000/- ( not less than Rs. 2000/-)	-
5.12	Any sort of misconduct with passengers, not wearing uniform/not displaying badge.	Rs.100/-	MMVR 21(18) 177 MVA
5.13	Overloading a goods vehicle.	Rs. 2000/-plus Rs. 1000/- for every additional ton.	MMVR 93(u)(i) 177 MVA
5.14	Carrying goods in a dangerous or hazardous manner.	Imprisonment and/or fine of Rs. 3000/-	29 RRR 177 MVA
5.15	Infringement of permit conditions.	Imprisonment and/or fine of Rs. 5000/-( not less than Rs. 2000/-)	-
5.16	Use of Colored light on Vehicle	Rs. 100/-	97(2)/177 DMVR

6. OFFENCES RELATED TO COMMERCIAL VEHICLES
S.NO	OFFENCES	MAXIMUM PENALTY	SECTION
6.1	Plying in 'NO ENTRY' Time	Upto 2000/-	115/194 MVA
6.	Violation of Time Table	Court Challan	11/177, 2/177, 66/192 MVA
6.2	High and Long / Load in Vehicles	Rs. 100/-	29 RRR/177 MVA
6.3	Carrying animals in goods vehicles in contravention of rules.	Rs.100/-	MMVR 83 177 MVA
6.4	Carrying persons dangerously or carrying persons in goods vehicles.	Rs.100/-	MMVR 108 177 MVA
6.5	Goods in Passenger Vehicles	-	-
6.6	Dangerous projection of goods.	Rs.100/-	229 MMVR 29 RRR 177 MVA
6.7	Carrying goods unsecured.	Rs.100/-	MMVR 202 177 MVA
6.	Carrying goods more than 11 feet high.	Rs.100/-	MMVR 93(u) (i) 177 MVA
6.	Limit Of weight and limitation on Use.	Court Challan	113/194(1) MVA
6.	Driver refuses to weigh vehicle.	Court Challan	114/194(2) MVA
6.9	Load on Tail Board.	Rs.100/-	MMVR 202 177 MVA
6.10	Misbehavior by Taxi/TSR Driver.	Rs. 100/-	11(3)/177 DMVR
6.11	Over Charging by Taxi/TSR Driver.	Rs. 100/-	11(8)/177 DMVR
6.12	Charging without Meter.	Rs. 100/-	11(8)/177 DMVR
6.13	Refusal by Taxi/TSR Driver.	Rs. 100/-	11(9)/177 DMVR
6.14	Driver without Uniform.	Rs. 100/-	7/177 DMVR
6.14	Driver without Badge.	Rs. 100/-	22(1)/177 DMVR
6.15	Conductor without Uniform.	Rs. 100/-	23(1)/177 DMVR
6.16	Conductor without Badge.	Rs. 100/-	22(1)/177 DMVR
6.17	Stopping without Bus stop	Court Challan	66/192 MVA
6.18	Power to detain Vehicle used in contravention of section 3.4,39 or 66(1) MV Act.	Court Challan	207(1) MVA

7. OFFENCES RELATED TO PARKING
S.NO	OFFENCES	MAXIMUM PENALTY	SECTION
7.1	Parking in the direction of flow of traffic.	Rs.100/-	22(a) RRR 177 MVA
7.2	Parking away from footpath towards road.	Rs.100/-	15(2) RRR 177 MVA
7.3	Parking against flow of traffic.	Rs.100/-	15(2) RRR 177 MVA
7.4	Parking causing Obstruction.	Rs. 100/-	15(2) RRR 177 MVA
7.5	Parking on a Taxi Stand.	Rs. 100/-	15(2) RRR 177 MVA
7.6	Parking in not any prescribed manner.	Rs. 100/-	15(1) RRR 177 MVA
7.7	Parking at any Corner.	Rs. 100/-	15(i) RRR 177 MVA
7.8	Parking within 15 meters on either side of Bus Stop.	Rs. 100/-	15(2) RRR 177 MVA
7.9	Parking on Bridge.	Rs. 100/-	15(2) (i) RRR 177 MVA
7.10	Parking at Traffic Island.	Rs. 100/-	15(i) RRR 177 MVA
7.11	Parking in “No” Parking Area.	Rs. 100/-	15(2) RRR 177 MVA
7.12	Parked on Pedestrian Crossing.	Rs. 100/-	15(2)(iii) RRR 177 MVA
7.13	Parking on Footpath.	Rs. 100/-	15(2)(ii) RRR 177 MVA
7.14	Parking in front of a gate.	Rs. 100/-	15(2)(viii) RRR 177 MVA
7.15	Parking causing obstruction.	Rs. 100/-	15(1) RRR 177 MVA

RRR: Rules of Road Regulations 1989
MVA: Motor Vehicles Act 1988
MMVR: Maharasthra Motor Vehicles Rules 1989
CMVR: Central Motor Vehicles Rules 1989

Besides these provisions, it is mandatory for every driver driving, to carry the following documents while driving.